Cars are complex technical products, the production of which requires the assembly of large numbers of components.

To produce them economically requires the allowance of tolerances in the individual components that add up in the assembly. Making gaps in the joints too small leads to a more expensive assembly while excessive gaps cause stresses to be induced in the components when they are screwed together.

Joints screwed together at more than three points are over-determined. Stress-free assembly without tolerance compensation is not possible.

The demand of both producers and customers for functional reliability and quality features – such as close jointing – make tolerance compensation essential to economical assembly.